The Violation of William Blakes Songs of Innocence Essay

The Violation of Blakes Songs of Innocence Abstract: William Blakes Songs of Innocence contains a group of poetic works that the artist conceptualized as entering into a dialogue with each other and with the works in his companion work, Songs of Experience. He also saw each of the poems in Innocence as operating as part of an artistic whole creation that was encompassed by the poems and images on the plates he used to print these works. While Blake exercised a fanatical degree of control over his publications during his lifetime, after his death his poems became popular and were encountered without the contextual material that he intended to accompany them. William Blake was probably more concerned than any other†¦show more content†¦He claimed that the essentials of the method had been communicated to him in a dream by his brother, Robert, two years after Roberts death (Doyle 563). Songs of Innocence was the first of Blakes major works, which he printed with this process (Keynes 11). Innocence was first published in 1789, although copies of drafts of the poems are extant from as early as 1784 (Keynes 9). The poems in Innocence are among the most frequently studied and collected of Blakes poems, although the single most frequently anthologized poem of Blakes -- and the most frequently published poem in the English language -- is The Tyger, from Innocences companion book Songs of Experience (Hilton 6). Unlike Wordsworth (who spent more than fifty years writing four complete versions of The Prelude, ranging from two to fourteen books, without ever publishing the book) and Coleridge (who published five different texts of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner between 1798 and 1817), Blake rarely revised a poem once it had been printed. Blake himself wrote the following about his plates in The Caverns of the Grave Ive seen: Re-engravd Time after Time, Ever in their youthful prime, My designs unchangd remain.(Frye 6) Northrop Frye argues that these lines, in conjunction with the manuscript evidence remaining of the original editions of Blakes books, mean that Blake intended for the engraved poems to constitute a sort of canon of poems whichShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Songs Of Innocence By William Blake1787 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Blake, an unconventional writer and artist in Romantic England, was known best for his unique printing method and claim to supernatural visions. In 1789, Blake published the â€Å"Songs of Innocence,† a collection of poems attributed with an innocent, romantic viewpoint, as the title indicates. One of the poems, â€Å"The Divine Image,† was used to identify the nature of God in man. â€Å"The Divine Image† speaker identifies the Mercy, Love, Peace, and Pity found in humans to be truly divine and of GodRead MoreEssay on The True, the Beautiful and the Good1967 Words   |  8 PagesThree Elements in Romanticism To start, the concept of romanticism must be introduced, because it has always been the key word throughout this class’ discussions. During the period between the end of 18th century and 1830s, there were frequent violations going on in European. The darkness in politics and the inequality in society made people feel that the capitalism, which was established after the French Revolution, was far less ideal than what had been depicted by those enlightenment thinkersRead MoreWilliam Blake And The French Revolution2017 Words   |  9 Pagesand that, although William Blake was universally considered to be a madman in his time, his work as a poet and painter is widely recognised as a revolutionary visionary (Altizer, Pg. 33). It is clear that, had the French Revolution not happened, Blake probably would have been a mere poet and water colourist, with a turn to eccentricity. The French Revolution influenced many people all over the globe, including the radicals in London, to push and demand for immediate change. William Blake, a radicalRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pagescharity, greed, or en vy. Thus an allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning 4. allusion- A reference in one literary work to a character or theme found in another literary work. T. S. Eliot, in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock alludes (refers) to the biblical figure John the Baptist in the line Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter, . . . In the New Testament, John the Baptists head was presented to King Herod

Mass Spec Explanation in HTML Free Essays

Mass spectrometry can help determine the molecular formula and weight of a compound as well as provide isotope abundance data. Within a magnetic field the angle of deflection of charged particles is used to discover the relative masses of molecular fragments and ions. Several peaks are due to the contribution of Isotopes. We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Spec Explanation in HTML or any similar topic only for you Order Now An Isotope refers to an atom having the same atomic number but a deferent number of neutrons, subtracting or adding mass. The mass spectrum of methyl chloride has a base peak at m/z=49 consisting of the most abundant Ion at 100% abundance. It also has a molecular ion peak at m/z=84 consisting of the molecular weight of methyl chloride at 80% abundance. By subtracting the base peak from the molecular Ion peak, It can be determined that the resulting 35 corresponds to CLC. The difference of other molecular fragments can be looked at to verify chlorine’s presence such as and corresponding to the CLC Isotope. The [M*2] rule also Identifies the CLC Isotope when looking at m/z=84, 86 and 86, 88. Each urn/z peak can represent a variety of different molecular mass fragments. The peaks arm=86 and 88 only have and abundance respectively, since both peaks are the results of isotopes. The CLC isotope has a 24% abundance naturally and ICC has a 1% abundance naturally. These low abundance percentages contribute to the smaller intensities of the m/z=86 and 88 peaks. While m/z=86 can be found with only one isotope of CLC, m/z=88 must contain at least two CLC isotopes making the intensity of its peak even less. Mass spectroscopy may identify a compound’s fragments and isotopes, but it also determines the purities of products. How to cite Mass Spec Explanation in HTML, Papers

Procrastination Essay Example For Students

Procrastination Essay What does Procrastination Essay mean? Is it the stereotypical meaning of laziness? And this word, procrastinate has over time become derogatory and insulting. It has also been applied to the newest generation of the world. I have heard many comments from older folks that, those teenagers are so lazy, they wait till the last minute to do anything. But as Dennis Sell comments in the teenagers defense, It isnt procrastination if you intend to do it. I hope that this doesnt become a question on the future resume. Do you procrastinate, please check yes or no. A wonderful lot of people would be out of the job; very talented people that just have a time trying to become perfect. Procrastination is a way of life and a person has to be good at it to play the lazy game.What does procrastination really mean? Ive adopted a quote that now guides my everyday life; My work is best when I am under pressure. Most of my better essays are written in the ten minutes I have before my next class period when its due. Sorry Mr. Procrastination is something that you dont naturally have an innate ability to do. It is often brought on by finding ways around things such as due dates. It will mostly start off as not doing small homework assignments or even just simple house-hold chores that you try to put off as long as possible just to be able to play more. Or when you are even doing homework, such as a essay, you can find your self having a multitude of characteristics of it. Some may be just seem like difficulty concentrating or daydreaming. You may think that you are just having a small writers block, but you could actually possibly be subconsciously procrastinating because you know u you dont want to do this, so you delay it. Amazingly how so many high school, and college students do this, not many seem to realize the consequences of it until its to late. Some of the smaller problems may be just a few late points here and there, or just not doing entire homework assignments. But it will progressively add up in most cases, the student will start to not study like they know they should be, but rather they go and do something else that isnt as beneficial. After a while that people start to do this they think its not bad, even thought they are missing a few points here and there from lowered studies and completed work. But it can eventually lean up to skipping classes, which is one of the worse things you can do while in college, since generally there are no make ups for missed assignments and test. This can then hurt your grades entirely, and therefore may have you retake certain classes or take another year. This in turn can cause financial problems if it where to happen on multiple occasions, then can effect your later life on paying off the bills or charges that were made from it. Procrastination is not always a very bad thing though; there are some points in your life that it could prove to be a plus. If done enough you will be use to doing things last minute, which could possibly help you in your career with handling pressure when you boss tells you do something within a set amount of time. Also extended amounts of doing this bad habit could help you learn to take pressure better, as example when you have a huge paper due by the next morning and you need to keep your self calm or else it will show when your writing the paper. Even though these sound like positive measures to procrastinating they are really not worth the difference with the negatives to the bad habit. Both of these could be worked on with out having to procrastinate. Once you get deep into this habit, it acts like a drug and you will find it extremely hard to rid your self of. You may start to get better at not using it, then one slight slip up and youre back to ground zero just like an addicted drug user or alcoholic. At least there are solutions to solving your problem, and they are far from hard as some may think. One of the simplest ways to stop you self from starting to procrastinate on your next project, or manor is to set your self a list of objectives and goals. Make them like small steps so that you will find each to be easier then to just jump into the problem and try to solve it all at once; this is what usually starts the .

Revolutionary Road by Richard Yates an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Revolutionary Road by Richard Yates If there is one book that has literary critics literally falling over themselves as they try to give their two cents worth about it, it has to be Richard Yates Revolutionary Road. Written in 1961 it has been hailed as literary gem. But it was not until the late 90s that the book cross to the public domain. Richard Yates brings out his characters in eerily real sense. A simple but devastatingly beautiful prose is employed by Yates. But it did not make the book fly off the shelves, not until after 1999 anyway. Need essay sample on "Revolutionary Road by Richard Yates" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed In 1992 Richard Yates passed away. How sadly he will miss seeing his work finally attain a whole new appreciation after Stewart ONans critique was published in Boston Review in 1999. Unfortunate as it is, Richard Yates can now enjoy his success posthumously and take cold comfort in the fact that he wont be the only artist to go down this road alone. While writers saw the potency of Richard Yates work from the word go, the public took an awfully long time in discovering it Revolutionary Road, but thankfully it has made that discovery now. People Very Often Tell EssayLab support:How much do I have to pay someone to write my assignment online?Essay writer professionals recommend:Entrust Your Essay Paper To Us And Get A+Buy Essays Online Professional Writing Services Cheap Writing Service Reviews Top Essay Writing Much has been said about Revolutionary Road. In our discussion we will dwell on its literary qualities and how the author deployed them in the writing of the book. The discussion on the history, psychology or even sociology that might have influenced Yates has bee tackled countless times and that debate is worn out. The book is set in White America suburbia in Connecticut a few miles shy off New York City. The books main characters are Frank and April Wheeler, a young married couple with two kids. The book has tragedy written all over it. The biggest tragedy, of course, being the impending failure of the Wheelers to achieve the dreams they sincerely believe are meant to be had by the likes of them. The first tragedy for Wheelers is the fact that they live in the suburbs, a representation one aspect of life that the Wheelers detest: conformity. To the Frank and April the people living in Revolutionary Hill Estates are nothing like them. The Wheelers see themselves too enlightened for the slow life of the suburbs. For people who have been exposed to city life and a taste of bohemian existence, life is excruciatingly slow in the suburbs. In fact so unbearable is their existence that it has the effect of poisoning their marriage. It has also reduced them into and dreamers with each one practically holding on to dreams of grandeur about the possibility a more rewarding existence outside of the suburbs. Unfortunately for them they seem to have taken too many wrong turns to be able get ambitions back on course for this ultimate journey. As the novel shows it is not only the Wheelers who are battling inner demons of inadequacy up Revolutionary Road. Plenty of characters have their own unique challenges which puts paid the long held notion of suburban bliss. Everyone suffers here. In fact the book may be about suffering in its deepest psychological level. The Wheelers suffer from dreams unfulfilled; the inactivity of what should otherwise be life on the go for them is unbearable to this couple who once lived in the city. We are subjected to a most painful scene in the book when April performs a play so badly in the community theater. The worst bit being that it was painfully obvious to the audience that her acting skills needed working on yet this is a person who believes to be a thespian work is her calling. This momentous failure of would be actress on the stage is reflective of the Wheelers real life failures. For a people who know what where station in life ought to be, they are stuck in a rut and can only pray for salvation. Of the two April seems to be the only one with practical solutions to their predicament. She reckons a move across the Atlantic to Europe would do them immense good. Frank unfortunately is not as practically minded like his wife. It turns out he does not have the courage relocate to Europe where he has always viewed as home for an enlightened man as he. The conflicting attitudes spell doom for their marriage. Frank a domineering man by nature does not like it when April takes the leading role in trying to chart the course out of their unfulfilling lives. So instead of being of assistance, he becomes her biggest stumbling block devising endless plots in his head to stop her. When April announces that she is pregnant with their third child he sees this as an answer to his prayers. There is however the little matter of convincing April who, keen on her Paris trip, wants to procure an abortion so the pregnancy wont stop it. This attempt by Frank will unearth his true self to the readers. As it is Frank lacks the nerve to follow his dream and the lengths he goes to convince April are sometimes laughable. Of the themes in the book, loneliness takes the cake. There are many lonely souls in Revolutionary Hill. They are many shattered dreams and many lead drab existences. The fact that Frank and April cannot connect to each others aspirations is a searing indictment of this so-called enlightened couples oneness. They are so close yet so apart. Their everyday life composed of lies. Lies, so the other person is spared the pain of having to hear the unflattering truth. Frank watches Aprils worst performance in Laurels Theater but is unable to at least politely inform her that she did not put on her best performance. He goes on to lie that they will leave for France yet, secretly he looks for ways dissuade April out of the trip. Frank unable to reach for his stars is determined to bring everyone down with him. We can say that were Frank and April able to communicate their insecurities to each other a compromise might have been reached. The Wheelers seem to have grabbed the attention of their neighbors, more so the Campbells. Mrs Givings the realtor is also fascinated by this couple and believes them to be just what her schizophrenic son, John, needs so he can overcome his condition. The fact that everyone wants a slice of the Wheelers is a clear indication of the deep-set loneliness in suburbia. The Campbells still do not believe they belong with the suburbia crowd even after working so hard to get there. Instead of sitting back and enjoying the fruits of their labor they are left feeling alienated and this is the reason they crave the company of the Wheelers so much. Mrs. Givings loneliness is even more telling as her husband who is hard of hearing takes off her hearing aid so he does not have to listen to her rave about the Wheelers. Beneath the faade of manicured lawns the suburbia dweller is a lonely person battling a myriad of disappointments and unfulfilled ambitions. When Mrs. Givings contemplates her aging looks on the mirror she is so disappointed by what she witnesses she has to turn away from the mirror quick. Lack of communication and communal aspects in suburbia is a grounding for a troubling and frightening society. Loneliness seems can overwhelm human beings. Yates is quoted by Steven ONan saying of the central message in Revolutionary Road: "If my work has a theme, I suspect it is a simple one: that most human beings are inescapably alone, and therein lies their tragedy." ( ONan, par. 32) And as ONan points out: The Wheelers are thwarted at every turn. Confronted with the painful truth of their ordinary existence and conflicts in their crumbling marriage, their frustrations and yearnings for something better represent the tattered remnants of the American Dream. (ONan, par. 33) On style, Yates uses a rather uncanny device, introspection of a different sort which characters to hold imaginary dialogues with each other. Through this a glimpse into what might have been had the characters the courage to say so. This style also speaks volumes of what the inability to hold real discourse with fellow human beings does to us. We detach ourselves from reality as Frank finds out the bitter way when she holds an imaginary talk with a dying April (Mullan, par. 2) The suburban setting in which the writer chose is a perfect setting because its quiet environs are but backdrops to so much turmoil. An irony, if you will. It was assumed that once in the suburbs, you have made it, alas, life likes to burst everyones bubble. The thing with suburbia which many Americans who had been to Europe then resented is conformity which they thought was perpetuated by the suburbia dweller. (Ford, par 5, 10, 24, 36) The writer is showing us that our ambitions can become our nightmares. The thing is to go for them and not conform to the standards the world has set for us. We should also be carefully who keep for company as they may become millstones around our necks as Aprils tragic death illustrates. The message is still as loud as it was written four decades ago: which aim to lead our lives in the way that we think is best for us not have to compromise for still we will an unhappy lot. Go for your dreams and be careful the dream does not finish you off. In Revolutionary Road it turns out that there is no revolution after all and this is so sad for all the characters. References: Ford, Richard. American Beauty. New York Times April 9, 200.Retrieved July 13, 2008 from: http://www.tbns.net/elevenkinds/richardford.html Mullan, John. Elements of Fiction. The Guardian September 18, 2004. Retrieved July 13, 2008 from: http://books.guardian.co.uk/elements/story/0,,1447612,00.html ONan, Steven. The Lost World of Richard Yates. Boston Review October/November 1999.

Free Essays on The Olympic Games

It’s a test of strength. It’s a test of honor. It’s the Olympic Games. The Games are a long played tradition adapted from the early Greek civilization. Athletes come together to compete in athletic events, such as wrestling and javelin, for honor and grace for the country they represent. Today, the Olympic Games are just a little different than in ancient times. Now, athletes do not take as much honor in just competing and for love of the game as they do for winning. Some athletes resort to doping, which is using illegal drugs to increase the strength and capability of oneself. This is an increasing problem among athletes, and eventually will lead to serious health risks. Another difference is that today there are much more events, and anyone from a country can compete, not just free men who speak Greek. Also, in ancient times, the Games were always held at the city Olympia, as now they move to different cities every four years. Even though there are these differences, there is still honor in the Games today. The history of the Olympic Games reaches back very far. The first Games were held in the year 776 B.C. It was a very simple contest with the events just being the sprint. Later on, more events were added, such as discus, javelin, wrestling, and long jump. The Games became very important to the people. They would even stop wars so that they could compete in the Games. Soon, the games became very evolved adding sports such as boxing, pankration, the pentathlon, and chariot races. The first recorded winner was Koroibos (www.aafla.org). The Byzantine emperor Theodosius in 394 A.D soon abolished the Games. When the Games were revived, they were brought back as the modern Olympic Games in 1896. The person responsible for bringing back the Games is the Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin was involved in sports as a child and he felt the Olympics would promote understanding and friendship among nations (w... Free Essays on The Olympic Games Free Essays on The Olympic Games It’s a test of strength. It’s a test of honor. It’s the Olympic Games. The Games are a long played tradition adapted from the early Greek civilization. Athletes come together to compete in athletic events, such as wrestling and javelin, for honor and grace for the country they represent. Today, the Olympic Games are just a little different than in ancient times. Now, athletes do not take as much honor in just competing and for love of the game as they do for winning. Some athletes resort to doping, which is using illegal drugs to increase the strength and capability of oneself. This is an increasing problem among athletes, and eventually will lead to serious health risks. Another difference is that today there are much more events, and anyone from a country can compete, not just free men who speak Greek. Also, in ancient times, the Games were always held at the city Olympia, as now they move to different cities every four years. Even though there are these differences, there is still honor in the Games today. The history of the Olympic Games reaches back very far. The first Games were held in the year 776 B.C. It was a very simple contest with the events just being the sprint. Later on, more events were added, such as discus, javelin, wrestling, and long jump. The Games became very important to the people. They would even stop wars so that they could compete in the Games. Soon, the games became very evolved adding sports such as boxing, pankration, the pentathlon, and chariot races. The first recorded winner was Koroibos (www.aafla.org). The Byzantine emperor Theodosius in 394 A.D soon abolished the Games. When the Games were revived, they were brought back as the modern Olympic Games in 1896. The person responsible for bringing back the Games is the Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin was involved in sports as a child and he felt the Olympics would promote understanding and friendship among nations (w...

5 Things to Say to Your Boss if You Want to be Successful

5 Things to Say to Your Boss if You Want to be Successful Are you super professional and a little bit frightened of screwing up in front of your boss? That’s totally natural. But being meek and respectful and never challenging your employer can sometimes  backfire. Some bosses prefer input and feedback from their employees. Make sure you’re giving it! Here are 5 things you should start incorporating into your interactions with your boss to form a more constructive relationship for the two of you.1. â€Å"You’re wrong†While you would never say this in a snide way, it is always important to be honest. If you can practice saying this with enough respect, you might just be able to prove your smarts and talents to your boss when she misses something and you see how you might save the day. If you just let her make an error, that’s on you. Be confident enough to point out what you see. That’s why you were hired! (Not to be a robot.)2. â€Å"No†Nobody wants a doormat. If something is a bad idea or you know you can’t deliver a project under the parameters set, then it is preferable to say â€Å"no† early rather than fail needlessly. Some bosses really like this, provided it clearly comes from a place of respect. Similarly, if you’re asked to do lots of things outside of office hours and you can’t keep it up, stand up for your work-life balance!As long as you’re doing your job and doing it well, setting boundaries for yourself is always a good idea. You’ll gain more respect that way than not.3. â€Å"I’m fixing it†So you screwed up. Nobody likes to greet their boss with that bad news. But a good boss would rather be alerted to problem early on- particularly if you can say, in that same breath, that you’re already on top of it and there should be very little fallout. It shows you’re trustworthy and good at coming up with solutions, even under fire: all great boss-impressing traits!4. â€Å"My mistake†On e of the hardest things to do is admit you’ve made an error- and not to make a million excuses immediately to let yourself off the hook. But if you can go to your boss, explain what you’ve done, and cop to it’s being a mistake? This shows your character and can actually lead you to a valuable learning experience. You may even expose a gap in the training for your position. Plus, you’re likely to not make the same mistake again.5. â€Å"I have an idea†In some ways, this is a magic phrase. Most CEOs are starving for good ideas. If you have one, speak up! Don’t be shy. Especially if your idea would save the company money, time, or other resources and streamline things. Be part of the progress!It might be scary to approach your boss and go off the script you learned at your first internship, but showing up this way as a grown-up and self-possessed employee can have major gains over the course of your big-kid career.

Integrated STEM Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Integrated STEM Education - Essay Example For the K-12 learners, it is evident that they require approaches that will increase their interest in the subjects. Through the integrated approach, the National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council (2014) point out that the learners will be more motivated and encouraged to design their own knowledge of the environment around them. It is, therefore, arguable to conclude that integrated approaches learners are more motivated to learn the STEM subjects. Successful integration of STEM has also seen the teachers be conversant with their roles in the classroom setting. The educators, as seen in the research conducted by National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council (2014), have played the role of encouraging the learners to continually solve problems that emanate from the STEM fields. It is expected that these approaches, will undoubtedly see an integrated STEM

SEMCO Company Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

SEMCO Company Strategy - Essay Example Therefore, this paper will bank on a critical explanation of the applications of schools of strategy that are exploited in SEMCO. Different companies use different strategies to record their preferred results. In many instances, companies have to advocate for development and deploy skills that will be used in recording positive growth. This is done by ensuring the people that are employed are competent in their work and use their skills accordingly.. This is due to the ever evolving market. As such, the market needs to be encountered with different strategies. This is also heightened by developing and deploying strategic flexibility, which is directly reflected towards technological advancement. For instance, with the improvement in technology, many companies have to improve. This is by using technological advancement in their service provision. In recent times, many companies have been noted to invest heavily in acquisition of new machinery and equipment (Furrer, 2010:34). This is n ot a point to brag, but it is an advancement to make service provision even better. Purchase of new technology ensures a company’s production is improved in quality and quantity. Similarly, the goods that are produced will be of increased value (Semler, 2000:54). This will prompt customers and clients to use more of the goods. With such a drill, a company is most likely to record positive results, which increases its financial muscle. As a matter of fact, SEMCO decided that its environment was a core factor that could lead to its grater performance. As such, changing the environment would be a prudent idea in increasing its performance. This is garnered from the learning school of view, which banks on making a positive environment in business (Kazmi, 2008:56). In making this a reality, the firm encouraged the staff and management to exchange idea oh=n how the firm could make an improvement. This is an opportunity where all the staff members are given an opportunity to express their views on how performance of the organisation could improve. As such, the organisation has a pool of ideas to choose from. With such a large pool of ideas, the organisation has a better position of implementing the best. This is a position that many organisations do not have but they will never try such a manoeuvre, minding the risks that are involved (Jansson, 2008:23). This was followed by the practical part of experimenting ideas that cropped up in the organisation. Since organisations do not engage in risky activities, they have to study and evaluate the viability of the activities. This was heightened by research and exchange of ideas to ensure the best routine was designed (D'Angelo, 2009:52). With time, SEMCO had obtained competent skills and had competent personnel that could direct the investments. As such, they were prepared to exploit all the available loopholes in businesses. As such, the business was growing at a steady rate. SEMCO Company has been recording succe ssful results in the market, yet it does not have a written strategy or plan. However, it has deployed the prescriptive school strategy, which is about planning, designing and positioning. It is in the market and making a positive accrual due to its activities that are concentrated on the customer market. With such a drill, the company is on the verge of making lucrative profits that are not linked to any strategy that is in writing or planned (Suneja, 2002:13). SEMCO Company planned that its businesses should be increasing in each financial year. However, it did not strategise on its expansion rate to a particular point. In such a drill, it ensured that transformation would continue in every year (Semler, 2000:55). For

Against equality of opportunity Essay Example for Free

Against equality of opportunity Essay Rawls is a little to extreme to apply to television presenting as his theories but the point is still there that just because your talented in one area you shouldnt be put on a new level. People who were not successful in the genetic lottery should be helped to, this can clearly be applied to the success sport stars receive because of their bodies, not something everyone can choose.  Dworkin is similar Rawls, all should be treated with the same rules, Dworkin however places a much higher value on ambition rather than endowment. People should receive equality of resources not welfare, with society rewarding those with the ambition, those who make the effort. In the context of this essay therefore the sport star would be the one who benefits. They can be seen as making a huge effort and having the determination to succeed in an entirely competitive world, they therefore should get the job over someone who hasnt shown the same level of ambition or effort in their life. Cohen however finds this harder; he argues that ambitions and endowments are difficult to evaluate and to distinguish between. Ambitions are integrally related to endowments, those with intelligence and talents might have more ambition, just as much or they might have less, we do not know. As with Dworkin, the reason people do well is responsibility of choice. Sport stars are people who have a talent, the reason they do well is because they do not squander it, they make the right choice to do well in their life. The reason people are unsuccessful is down to irresponsible choices or sometimes bad luck. Sport stars therefore should get jobs in presenting if they chose to try that career and are good at it, at the same time however the successful do have a responsibility to those who are unsuccessful because of bad luck. Everyone in that situation should have an equal right to welfare and resources. This argues that sports stars should not just get the presenting jobs automatically, som etimes a retired star is better, sometimes the trained present will be more deserving of the success, each individual is different. As with the others, Rae we all begin with begin with an opportunity to equal means, but he believes this will lead to unequal prospects. He argues making merit a criterion for success will cause peoples differing talents and intelligence to make prospects for success unequal. Because some are much better than others in any given area (in this case sporting knowledge and ability) they will have the unfair advantage to do well in such careers at the expense of the disadvantaged that dont have those talents. This however, also means the people who get hired, for jobs such as sports television presenters, will be the people who are best for the job. Retired sport stars know their game through and through and this added level of knowledge puts them on a better standing, they can give more information and perhaps pass on a love of the sport which got them to where they now are. This therefore argues compared to someone just trained in presenting, sport stars are those who should be present ing the program as they can give more to the people watching. Despite this argument there are still successful programs like Soccer A.M which are not presented by stars and are still very popular, on the whole however with most current sports programs show a definite trend in using ex-stars to front the programs. Perhaps this is because the television companies believe the celebrity of the star will attract viewers, perhaps they feel the stars know all about the sport and so can present and discuss it better. Whatever the reasons there are many strong theories and arguments for both sides, showing the situation could be both fair and unfair in places it just depends on personal views on ambition, talent and choices. Bibliography Cavanagh, M. Against equality of opportunity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2002.

Walking through the Woods :: Personal Narrative

So I went home this weekend, and in my neighborhood there is a small pond and all behind it is just woods. I’ve traveled in these woods as a little kid numerous times, with my friend and her father and he would teach us about the different bugs, trees and rocks we encountered along the way. Going back in the woods this past weekend, I was overcome with a feeling of nostalgia. I remember the times we would try to climb the trees, or chase after the grasshoppers or even just walk around and all the fun we used to have. Walking through the woods alone made me miss all the fun times I had as a child. As I child I was carefree, I knew who my friends were and I had no worries about trust and my relationships with others. Growing up, especially in college I’ve began to question my friends, I have a whole lot more stress and things are definitely not as simple as they once used to be.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The woods were the same woods they used to be, not much has changed, but the person walking through them has. I can not even remember the last time I entered the woods behind the pond, but I know one thing for sure that I have grown up so much since then. Walking through the forest I began to think of all the ways I have changed and I realized a few things. Physically, obviously, my appearance has changed, but emotionally I have changed a whole lot more. I have began to lead a more stressful life, with school work, friends and family always a constant thought in my mind. I have learned that I have begun to trust people too easily and then in the end I am always hurt. I have learned that people are not always who they say or portray themselves as. I do not regret all the things that I have learned, I am actually quite grateful for them. Without all these changes I would not have been able to grow into the person I am today.

Sometimes People Are Unable to Control the Directions Their Lives Take.

Sometimes people are unable to control the direction their lives take. This can be a hard concept to grasp, but one needs to understand that one cannot control every single detail or event in one’s life, and also cannot possibly predict what will happen in the future. Obstacles of every kind will strike, whether these trials come in the form of day to day hardships, catastrophic natural disasters, or even the fate of the gods. The only thing one can really do is adapt to the new situation and try to move forward. Making decisions can be extremely difficult but one of the worst feelings a person can have is having a decision made for you. Although one may consider these changes in direction to be trivial, in truth they may actually have the power to alter the path of one’s life. Like many Grade Twelve's, I put my fate into the hands of the Admissions Office of each prospective University. I had done everything I could in the beginning of the year to get respectable grades and be accepted into all the schools I wanted, just so I had every possible option available to me. It started off well, with my early acceptance to Queens University and University of Alberta but then came McGill University. It had been one of my top choices, and I was tremendously disappointed. Although I have now accepted that I have no chance of attending McGill this upcoming Fall, it was still painful to think that an entire future, a whole different person that I could have become, died away with that one rejection letter. In time, I realized there was nothing left to do but to go check out the other universities. Fortunately, I fell in love with the Queens University campus just two weeks ago after visiting it for the first time. As Martin Luther King Jr. said, â€Å"We must accept finite disappointment, but never lose infinite hope. Though I may not be able to control the unexpected twists in my life, at least I know that I will always be able to face any upcoming challenges with a strength and determination that I will always be able to control. Additionally, people always find themselves unable to control the direction their lives take when natural disasters strike. This unfortunate destruction can come in the form of a tsunami in Asia, Hurricane Katrina or most recently, the earthquake in Haiti. Considered one of the worst natural disasters in recent history, the quake caused immense damage to structures f all kinds, and wreaked havoc upon millions of lives. These poor people had no real way of knowing a disaster that immense would strike, and ultimately were powerless to stop its terrifying force. Unfortunately, the citizens of Haiti had to experience a complete change to their lifestyle, and were forced to deal with a massive obstacle that the rest of the world could barely comprehend. All that these victims could do was accept that they had no control over what happened, and then attempt to pick up the pieces of their lives amidst the chaos that surrounded them. Truly, human beings are left powerless to control the detrimental effects that Mother Nature has on their lives when a natural disaster hits. Furthermore, no matter how many obstacles or how impossible they may seem, even if against the will of the gods, one must still try to move forward. In Homer’s timeless epic, The Odyssey, the protagonist Odysseus is faced with countless trials and tribulations that he must endure before he may finally return home. After the great battle of Troy, Odysseus attempts to return to his love, Penelope and son, Telemachus. Unfortunately his homecoming is delayed an endless 10 years because of the reckless actions and behaviours of himself and his crew which have angered the Greek gods. Consequently, the gods provide them with a series of dangerous obstacles presenting tragedy, death, and destruction to the mortals. He has no choice but to meet every challenge without question if he is to ever see his home again. In the end, it is not his triumphs at Troy but his persistence and ability to never give up on his voyage home that makes Odysseus so infamous. Many times people find themselves unable to control the direction their lives take. While this can be unbelievably frustrating, one needs to keep in perspective that one cannot control every single detail of his or her life, and moreover one cannot predict what may or may not happen in the future. When something that is out of one’s control alters one’s set course, all that person can do is work through the hardship and attempt to find some solid ground once more. It is inevitable that life will take some nasty turns over the years, but one must accept that once the unexpected hits, the only thing that one can do is adapt to the situation and carry on.

Guide to Survivng

Guide to surviving the A200 exam Exams can be daunting but with the right preparation you can remove some of the stress. Start by thinking about the purpose of the exam and the skills and knowledge it will test. The A200 exam tests your knowledge of the module and the skills you have learnt during your study. You have already practiced these in your assignments. Part 1 of the Exam tests your ability to analyse a source. You did this in TMA 01 and TMA 03 and in the activities in the module blocks.Part 2 tests your ability write an essay in response to a question. You have practiced this in TMA 02 to TMA 05. Part 3 asks you to answer a question about one of the course themes. You practised this in TMA 06. The big difference between the exam and the TMA is the time constraint: you have to answer questions that you have not seen beforehand in timed conditions. You can prepare for this by revising the skills and topics that you have studied in A200 and by familiarising yourself with the s ort of questions that will come up.Exam preparation Familiarise yourself with the exam: study the Specimen Exam Paper and the Advanced Notification of Texts and Topics so that you know how the exam paper will be set out and the sorts of questions that will come up. Think about the format of the paper and the kinds of essays you are required to write. The A200 Exam has three parts. Each part requires you to write a slightly different type of answer in response to a question. For Part 1 you have to answer a question based on a source.Part 2 requires you to write a traditional essay in response to a question on one of the blocks and Part 3 asks you to write an essay that considers the course themes over two or more blocks of the module. Use the Advance Notification to focus your revision. This tells you which blocks will be examined in Parts 1 and 2. It also gives you a hint of the topic that will come up in relation to the module themes in Part 3. Revise. There are no hard and fast ru les on how to do this. You need to find out what works for you. There are revision tips on the Skills for OU Study website: http://www. pen. ac. uk/skillsforstudy/. Remember to refresh your understanding of skills such as how to analyse a source and how to construct an argument with evidence, as well as the themes and topics you have studied. Practice writing by hand under a time constraint. If you use computers a lot you may not be used to writing by hand. Seeing how much you can write in an hour will help you to pace yourself on the day. Remember the longest answers are not necessarily the best. Focused essays that clearly address the question, regardless of length, usually get the best marks.Also remember that writing an essay on a computer, when you can draft and redraft, is not the same process as writing a one-off exam answer. You are advised, therefore, to practice answering exam questions by hand, in the allotted time, to ensure you can develop a good structure, organise you r material and develop a coherent argument in such circumstances On the day Don’t panic. Take time to read through the paper. Follow the rubric. Read the instructions on the front of the exam paper and make sure you follow them.Remember you have to answer one question from each of the three parts. Remember also that there should be no significant overlap in the content of your different answers. You can answer questions in any order. You might want to start with the question you are most confident with. This may help you to get going. Answer the question set. Don’t be tempted to include irrelevant material or write an answer to a question you had hoped would have come up. Structure your answer carefully. Take time to write a plan. Make sure your answer has an introduction, middle and a conclusion.Construct an argument with evidence, don’t simply narrate or describe a series of events or, in the case of Part 1, recount the contents of the document. Pull out the s ignificance of the points you make and show their relevance to the question. Manage your time effectively. Don’t spend too long on one question and risk running out of time on others. You will need to spend about an hour on each question. Answer all the questions. A weak answer to a question will gain more marks than no answer at all. If you run out of time make a brief note of the key points you wanted to include. In summaryExams are an essential aspect of degree level study. They test your knowledge of the module and the skills you have learnt throughout your study. Remember you have already practiced these skills in your assignments. In your TMAs you will have learnt how to construct an argument with evidence, evaluate sources and understand and engage with historical debates. The big difference in the exam is the time constraint. Familiarising yourself with the layout of the paper, revising topics and reminding yourself of the skills you need to demonstrate will help you to respond better to unseen questions in timed conditions.

Governments Importance to Early Civilizations essays

Governments Importance to Early Civilizations essays Governments Importance to Early Civilizations It has been agreed upon by scholars world wide that in order for a group of peoples to be civilized they have to meet certain specifications. These include urbanization, long distance trade, occupational specialization, and a stable government. This positive step in humanities existence could not have been achieved without a form of leadership; and this leadership must co-exist with the populations beliefs. In this way, religion has influenced the governments of some of the earliest civilized groups. In all groups that were considered civilized and used agriculture for their primary food source, a stable government was a must. Irrigation had to be arranged for all the fields, a group dedicated to protecting the foodstuffs and seeds had to be created and trained, crops had to be regulated so that there was enough of each to last the entire off season, and planting and harvesting had to be timed perfectly. In addition to this, the government had to be able to fit with the religious beliefs of the population. In Mesopotamia, this meant the government had to show respect to each god evenly, and have a reason when one of the gods punished the land of Mesopotamia. This early civilization left little behind about their government however, there being no written language, it is guess work on what type of government it was; but democracy or monarchy, its hands were full. In ancient Egypt the government kept a close relationship with the polytheist religion of the time. The pharaoh had a special connection with the gods. He was chosen by them, and he was placed to create stability. When the pharaoh died he was placed in a large pyramid, where he could have a connection with both the living and the dead. In this pyramid everything that was needed in the after life was placed, including a tablet which reminded the pharaoh of what to say when he met Isis, t...

Definition of the Pendleton Act - 19th Century History

Definition of the Pendleton Act - 19th Century History The Pendleton Act was a law passed by Congress, and signed by President Chester A. Arthur in January 1883, which reformed the federal government’s civil service system. A persistent problem, going back to the earliest days of the United States, had been the dispensing of federal jobs. Thomas Jefferson, in the earliest years of the 19th century, replaced some Federalists, who had attained their government jobs during the administrations of George Washington and John Adams, with people more closely aligned to his own  political views. Such replacements of government officials increasingly became standard practice under what became known as the Spoils System. In the era of Andrew Jackson, jobs in the federal government were routinely given to political supporters. And changes in administration could bring about widespread changes in federal personnel. This  system of political patronage became entrenched, and as the government grew, the practice eventually became a major problem. By the time of the Civil War, it was widely accepted that work for a political party entitled someone to a job on the public payroll. And there were often widespread reports of bribes being given to obtain jobs, and jobs being awarded to friends of politicians essentially as indirect bribes. President Abraham Lincoln routinely complained about office seekers who made demands on his time. A movement to reform the system of dispensing jobs began in the years following the Civil War, and some progress was made in the 1870s. However, the 1881 assassination of President James Garfield by a frustrated office seeker put the entire system into the spotlight and intensified calls for reform. Drafting of the Pendleton Act The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was named for its primary sponsor, Senator George Pendleton, a Democrat from Ohio. But it was primarily written by a noted attorney and crusader for civil service reform, Dorman Bridgman Eaton (1823-1899). During the administration of Ulysses S. Grant, Eaton had been the head of the first civil service commission, which was intended to curb abuses and regulate the civil service. But the commission was not very effective. And when Congress cut off its funds in 1875, after only a few years of operation, its purpose was thwarted. In the 1870s Eaton had visited Britain and studied its civil service system. He returned to America and published a book about the British system which argued that Americans adopt many of the same practices. Garfield’s Assassination and Its Influence on the Law Presidents for decades had been annoyed by office-seekers. For instance, so many people looking for government jobs visited the White House during the administration of Abraham Lincoln that he built a special hallway he could use to avoid encountering them. And there are many stories about Lincoln complaining that he had to spend so much of his time, even at the height of the Civil War, dealing with people who traveled to Washington specifically to lobby for jobs. The situation got far more serious in 1881, when newly inaugurated President James Garfield was stalked by Charles Guiteau, who had been rebuffed after aggressively seeking a government job. Guiteau had even been ejected from the White House at one point when his attempts to lobby Garfield for a job became too aggressive. Guiteau, who appeared to suffer from mental illness, eventually approached Garfield in a Washington train station. He pulled out a revolver and shot the president in the back. The shooting of Garfield, which would eventually prove fatal, shocked the nation, of course. It was the second time in 20 years that a president had been murdered. And what seemed particularly outrageous was the idea that Guiteau had been motivated, at least in part, by his frustration at not obtaining a coveted job through the patronage system. The idea that the federal government had to eliminate the nuisance, and potential danger, of political office-seekers became an urgent matter. The Civil Service Reformed Proposals such as those put forward by Dorman Eaton were suddenly taken much more seriously. Under Eaton’s proposals, the civil service would award jobs based on merit examinations, and a civil service commission would oversee the process. The new law, essentially as drafted by Eaton, passed the Congress and was signed by President Chester Alan Arthur on January 16, 1883. Arthur appointed Eaton as the first chairman of the three-man Civil Service Commission, and he served in that post until he resigned in 1886. One unexpected feature of the new law was President Arthurs involvement with it. Prior to running for vice president on the ticket with Garfield in 1880, Arthur had never run for public office. Yet he had held political jobs for decades, obtained through the patronage system in his native New York. So a product of the patronage system took a major role in seeking to end it. The role played by Dorman Eaton was highly unusual: he was an advocate for civil service reform, drafted the law pertaining to it, and was ultimately given the job of seeing to its enforcement. The new law originally affected about 10 percent of the federal workforce, and had no impact on state and local offices. But over time the Pendleton Act, as it became known, was expanded a number of times to cover more federal workers. And the success of the measure at the federal level also inspired reforms by state and city governments.

Leadership Skills in 21st Century Health Care Research Proposal

Leadership Skills in 21st Century Health Care - Research Proposal Example The clinics that offer both general and specialist health care are mostly for Medicaid recipients. There is a wide middle class of patients without coverage-they make too much for Medicaid and are not old enough for Medicare. Even if they are eligible for Medicare, it does not cover all their health needs. Problem Statement: With so many areas of U.S. health care in commercial chaos at present, it is necessary for leadership to include all members of their organizations in decision making. Only with a leader willing to take advantage of what staff offers can a working relationship be established. Another problem area in health care is a better understanding of the needs and wants of consumers. The most apparent issues in health care at present are related to Medicare, Children's Health Care Insurance Program (SCHIP), and Health Information Technology (HIT). Literature Review and Research Design: In the upcoming elections, health care is a major issue. Studies showing current statistics of the number of people who do not have health insurance and the overcrowded conditions in public clinics can be found on the Internet. As for leadership in health care, the need for cooperation is evident in articles and past discussions of what makes a good leader, again on the Internet.